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assignmentutor-lab™ 为您的留学生涯保驾护航 在代写博弈论Game Theory方面已经树立了自己的口碑, 保证靠谱, 高质且原创的统计Statistics代写服务。我们的专家在代写博弈论Game Theory代写方面经验极为丰富，各种代写博弈论Game Theory相关的作业也就用不着说。

• Statistical Inference 统计推断
• Statistical Computing 统计计算
• (Generalized) Linear Models 广义线性模型
• Statistical Machine Learning 统计机器学习
• Longitudinal Data Analysis 纵向数据分析
• Foundations of Data Science 数据科学基础

## 经济代写|博弈论代写Game Theory代考|Playing the Field

Condition (ES2) for evolutionary stability is applicable to a two-player game. When the game is against the field, payoffs are non-linear functions of the second argument (Section 2.9) and condition (ES2)(ii) must be modified to
(ii) $W\left(x^{\prime}, x_{\epsilon}\right)<W\left(x^{}, x_{\epsilon}\right)$ for all sufficiently small positive $\epsilon$. Here, in an abuse of notation, the term $W\left(x, x_{\epsilon}\right)$ denotes the payoff to an individual with strategy $x$ when the resident population comprises a proportion $\epsilon$ of $x^{\prime}$ strategists and a proportion $1-\epsilon$ of $x^{}$ strategists. One can then show that the original (ES2) condition is a special case of this more general condition when payoffs are linear in the second argument, as is the case in a two-player game (Exercise 4.4).

In the sex-ratio game of Section $3.8$ and Box $3.1$ the unique Nash equilibrium strategy is to produce daughters and sons with equal probability. When this is the resident strategy, condition (ES2′) holds for all mutants, so the strategy is an ESS (Exercise 4.5). The intuition behind this result is similar to that for the Hawk-Dove game. For example, if the resident strategy is to produce sons and daughters with equal probability and a mutant arises that produces mainly daughters, then the breeding population becomes more female-biased if this mutant starts to become common, and the mutant strategy then does worse than the resident.

## 经济代写|博弈论代写Game Theory代考|Illustration of Stability for a Continuous Trait

It is common for fish to approach a predator in order to gain valuable information on the threat posed (Pitcher et al., 1986). Approach is dangerous, so a fish often approaches together with another fish in order to dilute the risk to themselves, and this is a form of cooperation. The phenomenon has been the focus of much empirical study. Figure $4.1$ illustrates a typical laboratory set-up.

Under such circumstances we might expect the behaviour of each of the two fish to depend on the other. To model the game between the fish we loosely follow the approach of Parker and Milinski (1997). We are critical of the biological realism of our model (Section 8.4), but this simple game serves to illustrate the ESS analysis for a continuous trait.

Two fish are initially unit distance away from a predator. Each fish chooses how far to travel towards the predator. Thus an action is a distance $x$ in the range $0 \leq x \leq 1$, where $x=0$ is the action of not approaching the predator at all and $x=1$ the action of travelling right up to the predator. If a fish moves distance $x^{\prime}$ while its partner moves distance $x$, the focal fish survives with probability $S\left(x^{\prime}, x\right)$ and gains information of value $V\left(x^{\prime}\right)$ if it survives. Its payoff from the game is $W\left(x^{\prime}, x\right)=S\left(x^{\prime}, x\right) V\left(x^{\prime}\right)$.

## 经济代写|博弈论代写Game Theory代考|Playing the Field

(ii)在(X′,Xε)<在(X,Xε)对于所有足够小的正ε. 在这里，在滥用符号的情况下，术语在(X,Xε)表示有策略的个人的回报X当常住人口占一定比例时ε的X′战略家和比例1−ε的X战略家。然后可以证明，当第二个参数中的收益是线性的时，原始（ES2）条件是这个更一般条件的一个特例，就像在两人游戏中的情况一样（练习 4.4）。

## 有限元方法代写

assignmentutor™作为专业的留学生服务机构，多年来已为美国、英国、加拿大、澳洲等留学热门地的学生提供专业的学术服务，包括但不限于Essay代写，Assignment代写，Dissertation代写，Report代写，小组作业代写，Proposal代写，Paper代写，Presentation代写，计算机作业代写，论文修改和润色，网课代做，exam代考等等。写作范围涵盖高中，本科，研究生等海外留学全阶段，辐射金融，经济学，会计学，审计学，管理学等全球99%专业科目。写作团队既有专业英语母语作者，也有海外名校硕博留学生，每位写作老师都拥有过硬的语言能力，专业的学科背景和学术写作经验。我们承诺100%原创，100%专业，100%准时，100%满意。

## MATLAB代写

MATLAB 是一种用于技术计算的高性能语言。它将计算、可视化和编程集成在一个易于使用的环境中，其中问题和解决方案以熟悉的数学符号表示。典型用途包括：数学和计算算法开发建模、仿真和原型制作数据分析、探索和可视化科学和工程图形应用程序开发，包括图形用户界面构建MATLAB 是一个交互式系统，其基本数据元素是一个不需要维度的数组。这使您可以解决许多技术计算问题，尤其是那些具有矩阵和向量公式的问题，而只需用 C 或 Fortran 等标量非交互式语言编写程序所需的时间的一小部分。MATLAB 名称代表矩阵实验室。MATLAB 最初的编写目的是提供对由 LINPACK 和 EISPACK 项目开发的矩阵软件的轻松访问，这两个项目共同代表了矩阵计算软件的最新技术。MATLAB 经过多年的发展，得到了许多用户的投入。在大学环境中，它是数学、工程和科学入门和高级课程的标准教学工具。在工业领域，MATLAB 是高效研究、开发和分析的首选工具。MATLAB 具有一系列称为工具箱的特定于应用程序的解决方案。对于大多数 MATLAB 用户来说非常重要，工具箱允许您学习应用专业技术。工具箱是 MATLAB 函数（M 文件）的综合集合，可扩展 MATLAB 环境以解决特定类别的问题。可用工具箱的领域包括信号处理、控制系统、神经网络、模糊逻辑、小波、仿真等。

assignmentutor™您的专属作业导师
assignmentutor™您的专属作业导师